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Highly Important Chinese Export American Market 'Declaration of Independence' Helmet Pitcher

ca. 1926; depicting the signing of the Declaration of Independence and centering a large American eagle holding a ribbon; bearing the motto The Declaration of Independence and dated above 1776; decorated with polychrome floral and star border; height: 5 1/8 in.

  • Provenance: Sarasota Estate Auction, Sarasota, Florida, 12 August 2018, Lot 656.
  • Literature: Schiffer, H., P, and N., China for America, Export Porcelain of the 18th and 19th Centuries, Atglen: 1997, p. 144-145; Hervouët, F. et. al., La Porcelaine Des Compagnies Des Indes A Decor Occidental, Flammarion: Paris: 1986, cat. nos. 9.115 a, b, p. 233.
  • Notes: Chinese export porcelain decorated with the signing of the Declaration of Independence has long attracted the attention of curators, scholars, and collectors. Traditionally dated to the American Centennial of 1876, these pieces are now more convincingly understood as early twentieth-century productions, most likely dating to the 1920s or 1930s, and perhaps associated with renewed patriotic interest around the 150th anniversary of the Declaration in 1926. The present helmet pitcher appears to be an exceptionally rare, and possibly unique, form within this small group.

    The central scene derives broadly from John Trumbull's celebrated painting The Declaration of Independence, now in the U.S. Capitol's Rotunda, though the Chinese decorator adapted the composition freely. The format of the helmet pitcher allowed only a selective rendering of Trumbull's large and complex arrangement of figures. Nevertheless, important compositional links remain, including the room setting, the grouped figures at the table, the seated figure corresponding to John Hancock, and the general arrangement of the principal participants. The figures have been transformed into nineteenth-century gentlemen, with mustaches and balding heads replacing the powdered hair and wigs of the eighteenth-century signers, while the trophies on the back wall of Trumbull's composition have been replaced by a dramatic American eagle.

    The patriotic program is made explicit by the eagle with outstretched wings holding the inscribed ribbon, the date 1776, and the border of floral sprays and thirteen blue stars. Together, these elements make the pitcher a charming and highly unusual Chinese export interpretation of one of the central images of American national memory. For further discussion of the dating and interpretation of this group, see R.W. Fuchs II and J.L. Mass, "Deciphering The Declaration of Independence on Chinese Export Porcelain," American Ceramic Circle Journal.
  • Condition: Please note: All property is sold "AS IS" and any statement, whether oral or written, is given as a courtesy and shall not be deemed as a guarantee, warranty, or representation of the authenticity of authorship, physical condition, size, quality, rarity, importance, provenance, exhibitions, literature or historical relevance of the property or otherwise. The absence of a condition report does not imply the item is in perfect condition.

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